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Welcome to Black Red Roots.org!
Many people believe racial and ethnic groups in North America have always lived as separately as they do now. However, segregation was neither practical nor preferable when people who were not native to this continent began arriving here. Europeans needed Indians as guides, trade partners and military allies. They needed Africans to tend their crops and to build an infrastructure.

Later, as the new American government began to thrive, laws were drafted to protect the land and property the colonists had acquired. These laws strengthened the powers of slave owners, limited the rights of free Africans and barred most Indian rights altogether. Today, black, white and red Americans still feel the aftershock of those laws.
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Newsflash
Elders are considered the most important people in the tribe. They provide insight into traditional native life. Elders are treated with honor and respect.
 


Cherokee Clans
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Saturday, 10 June 2006

The Seven Clans

 
  • Bird Clan - Their color is Purple, and their wood is Maple
  • Blue Clan -Their color is Blue and their wood is Ash
  • Deer Clan - Their color is Brown and their wood is Oak
  • Paint Clan - Their color is White, and their wood is Locust
  • Twister Clan - Their color is Yellow and their wood is Beech
  • Wild Potato Clan - Their color is Green and their wood is Birch
  • Wolf Clan - Their color is Red and their wood is Hickory

 

 

The Cherokee clans were based on a matrilineal system traced through the mother's ancestral line.

 

 

  • Bird Clan, they were messengers and also very skilled in using blowguns for bird hunting. Eagle feathers were presented by them to other members of the tribe because they were only ones able to collect them. They were the keepers of the birds.
 
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The Regions...The Nations, Tribes, Bands
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Saturday, 10 June 2006

The Native American Nations, Tribes, and Bands located in North America are generally described by their regional locations. Information for all North American Native American Indians and their regional locations are as follows:

Northeast
Abenaki, Algonkin, Beothuk, Delaware, Erie, Fox, Huron, Illinois, Iroquois, Kickapoo, Mahican, Mascouten, Massachuset, Mattabesic, Menominee, Metoac, Miami, Micmac, Mohegan, Montagnais, Narragansett, Nauset, Neutrals, Niantic, Nipissing, Nipmuc, Ojibwe, Ottawa, Pennacook, Pequot, Pocumtuck, Potawatomi, Sauk, Shawnee, Susquehannock, Tionontati, Wampanoag, Wappinger, Wenro, Winnebago.

Southeast
Acolapissa, Asis, Alibamu, Apalachee, Atakapa, Bayougoula, Biloxi, Calusa, Catawba, Chakchiuma, Cherokee, Chesapeake Algonquin, Chickasaw, Chitamacha, Choctaw, Coushatta, Creek, Cusabo, Gaucata, Guale, Hitchiti, Houma, Jeags, Karankawa, Lumbee, Miccosukee, Mobile, Napochi, Nappissa, Natchez, Ofo, Powhatan, Quapaw, Seminole, Southeastern Siouan, Tekesta, Tidewater Algonquin, Timucua, Tunica, Tuscarora, Yamasee, Yuchi.

 

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Freedmen with Indian Ancestors
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Thursday, 08 June 2006

The paths of Africans and American Indian tribes have crossed from the 1600’s to the 1800’s in varying degrees ranging from simple cohabitation to the forming of individual tribes. African and Native American interaction began even before Europeans brought African slaves to the Americas. Free Africans reached the shores of the American continent as traders and settlers long before Europeans arrived. In 1975, 2 Negroid skeletons were found in the U.S. Virgin Islands. One wore a pre-Columbian Indian wrist band. They were found in layers dated to about A.D. 1250. In 1974, Polish craniologists revealed that no fewer than 13.5% of the skeletons from the pre-Columbian Olmec cemetery of Tlatilco were Negroid.1 Later, when African slaves were brought to the Americas, they mixed with indigenous peoples from North America to South America. In the early days of slavery, indigenous peoples of the Americas and Africans were enslaved together. Sometimes, African slaves escaped to Native American villages on various parts of the American continent.

Article by: Alexander James, written September 2005
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Appropriate Methods When Teaching About Native American Peoples
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Tuesday, 06 June 2006

Understand the term "Native American" includes all peoples indigenous to the Western Hemisphere.

Present Native American Peoples as appropriate role models to children.

Native American students should not be singled out and asked to describe their families' traditions or their peoples' culture(s).

Avoid the assumption there are no Native American students in your class.

Use books and materials which are written and illustrated by Native American people as primary source materials: speeches, songs, poems, and writings, which show the linguistic skill of a people who have come from an oral tradition.

When teaching ABC's, avoid "I is for Indian" and "E is for Eskimo."

Avoid rhymes or songs that use Native Americans as counting devices, i.e. "One little, two little, three little..."

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Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation Chairman
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Monday, 05 June 2006
Eastern Pequot Tribal Nation Chairman Marcia Flowers will be visiting the Oneida Indian Nation of New York for the first time in June as a featured speaker at the United South and Eastern Tribes' semiannual meeting.

The meeting will take place June 5 - 8 at Turning Stone Resort and Casino in Verona, N.Y. The Oneida Nation will host the event.

''I've known a lot of Oneida members over the years, but I've never gone to their home, so that will be good. I'm really looking forward to it,'' Flowers said.

This will be Flowers' fourth appearance at a USET conference, but the first since Columbus Day last year when Interior Associate Deputy Secretary and Acting Assistant Secretary of Indian Affairs James Cason reversed the tribe's federal acknowledgement, which was granted in 2002 by former Assistant Secretary of Indian Affairs Kevin Gover. The reversal followed a three-year appeal process and ferocious opposition from Connecticut officials.
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Discovering the Meaning of a Pow Wow
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Wednesday, 31 May 2006

Pow Wow time is the Native American people's way of meeting together, to join in dancing, singing, visiting, renewing old friendships and make new ones.

This is a time to renew thought of the old ways and to preserve a rich heritage.

There are several different stories of how the Pow Wow was started. Some believe that the war dance societies of the Ponca and other Southern Plains tribes were the origin of the Pow Wow.

Another belief is that when the Native Americans were forced onto reservations the government also forced them to have dances for the public to come and see. Before each dance they were lead through the town in a parade,which is the beginning of the Grand Entry.

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Trail of Tears
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Sunday, 28 May 2006
On May 28th in 1830, legislation leading to the “Trail of Tears” was enacted.

President Andrew Jackson signed a bill that forced the Cherokees, Creeks, Chickasaws, Choctaws, and Seminole Indian tribes off their land in the southeastern United States. It is estimated that one third of the members of these tribes involved in this removal and the ensuing trek to Oklahoma were of African descent.

As an adjunct to this policy, the state of Georgia pressured the government to enforce a similar 1802 agreement as compensation for their cession of western territory of the United States. The U.S. Army reported at the time 512 Blacks lived in the Choctaw Nation.

Reference:
African American and Native American History
Princeton Public Library, Princeton, NJ 08542


 

 
 
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